| Ordnungszahl: |
79 |
| Name: |
Gold |
| Namensursprung: |
Anglo-Saxon: geolo (yellow); symbol from Latin: aurum (shining dawn). |
| Entdeckung: |
Known to the ancients. |
| Beschreibung: |
Soft, malleable, bright yellow metal. |
| Vorkommen: |
Found in veins in the crust, with cooper ore and native. |
| Verwendung: |
Very malleable. Used in electronics, jewelry and coins. It is a good reflector of infrared radiation, so a thin film of gold is applied to the glass of skyscrapers to reduce internal heating from sunlight. |
| Gruppe: |
Transition Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
196.96654 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
1064.43°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
2808°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
19.32 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
| Schalen: |
2,8,18,32,18,1 |
| Orbitale: |
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1 |
| Valenzen: |
1,3 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
9.2257 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
20.521 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
-- |
| Atomradius: |
1.79 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.128 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
334.40 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
12.550 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
14.2 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
0 |
0 |
9713.68 |
11442.7 |
2123.04 |
2204.58 |
|
|
|
| Å |
0 |
0 |
1.2764 |
1.08353 |
5.83999 |
5.62399 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
80720 |
14351 |
13733 |
11918 |
3425 |
3148 |
2763 |
2291 |
2206 |
| Å |
0.15359 |
0.86395 |
0.90282 |
1.04032 |
3.62001 |
3.93855 |
4.48735 |
5.41185 |
5.62037 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
96.4% |
0% |
35.6% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| Au194 |
0% |
194 |
1 |
1.64d |
EC,β+ |
| Au195 |
0% |
195 |
3/2 |
186.12d |
EC |
| Au195m |
0% |
195 |
11/2 |
30.5s |
IT |
| Au196 |
0% |
196 |
2 |
6.18d |
EC,β-,β+ |
| Au197 |
100% |
196.967 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
| Au197m |
0% |
197 |
11 |
7.8s |
IT |
| Au198 |
0% |
198 |
2 |
2.694d |
β- |
| Au199 |
0% |
199 |
3/2 |
3.14d |
β- |
|
