| Ordnungszahl: |
78 |
| Name: |
Platinum |
| Namensursprung: |
Spanish: platina (little silver). |
| Entdeckung: |
1735 by Julius Scaliger in Italy |
| Beschreibung: |
Rare, very heavy, soft, silvery-white metal. |
| Vorkommen: |
Produced from deposits of native, or elemental, platinum. |
| Verwendung: |
Used in jewelry, to make crucible and special containers and as a catalyst. Used with cobalt to produce very strong magnets. Also to make standard weights and measures. Resists corrosion and acid attacks except aqua regia. |
| Gruppe: |
Transition Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
195.08 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
1772°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
3827°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
21.45 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
| Schalen: |
2,8,18,32,17,1 |
| Orbitale: |
[Xe] 4f14 5d9 6s1 |
| Valenzen: |
2,3,4 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
9.0 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
18.563 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
-- |
| Atomradius: |
1.83 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.13 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
510.0 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
19.60 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
8.8 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
0 |
0 |
9442.62 |
11071.1 |
2050.36 |
2127.41 |
|
|
|
| Å |
0 |
0 |
1.31304 |
1.1199 |
6.04701 |
5.828 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
78390 |
13879 |
13272 |
11563 |
3296 |
3027 |
2646 |
2202 |
2122 |
| Å |
0.15816 |
0.89333 |
|
0.93418 |
|
1.07226 |
3.76169 |
4.09598 |
4.68577 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
96.3% |
0% |
34.6% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| Pt188 |
0% |
188 |
0 |
10.2d |
EC,α |
| Pt190 |
0.0127% |
189.96 |
0 |
6E11y |
α |
| Pt191 |
0% |
191 |
3/2 |
2.96d |
EC |
| Pt192 |
0.78% |
191.961 |
0 |
|
Stable |
| Pt193 |
0% |
193 |
1/2 |
60y |
EC |
| Pt193m |
0% |
193 |
15/2 |
4.33d |
IT |
| Pt194 |
32.9% |
193.963 |
0 |
|
Stable |
| Pt195 |
33.8% |
194.965 |
1/2 |
|
Stable |
| Pt195m |
0% |
195 |
15/2 |
4.02d |
IT |
| Pt196 |
25.3% |
195.965 |
0 |
|
Stable |
| Pt197 |
0% |
197 |
1/2 |
18.3h |
β- |
| Pt197m |
0% |
197 |
15/2 |
1.590h |
IT,β- |
| Pt198 |
7.21% |
197.968 |
0 |
|
Stable |
|
