| Ordnungszahl: |
77 |
| Name: |
Iridium |
| Namensursprung: |
Latin: iris (rainbow). |
| Entdeckung: |
1804 by S.Tenant, A.F.Fourcory, L.N.Vauquelin, H.V.Collet-Descoltils in England/France |
| Beschreibung: |
Heavy, brittle, white metal. |
| Vorkommen: |
Found in gravel deposits with platinum. |
| Verwendung: |
Used with osmium to tip gold pen points, to make crucible and special containers. Also to make alloys used for standard weights and measures, and heat-resistant alloys. Also as hardening agent for platinum. |
| Gruppe: |
Transition Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
192.22 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
2410°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
4130°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
22.42 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
| Schalen: |
2,8,18,32,15,2 |
| Orbitale: |
[Xe] 4f14 5d7 6s2 |
| Valenzen: |
3 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
9.1 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
-- |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
-- |
| Atomradius: |
1.87 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.130 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
604.0 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
26.10 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
6.4 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
0 |
0 |
9175.4 |
10708.6 |
1979.96 |
2053.42 |
|
|
|
| Å |
0 |
0 |
1.35128 |
1.15781 |
6.26202 |
6.038 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
76107 |
13418 |
12823 |
11215 |
3174 |
2909 |
2551 |
2116 |
2041 |
| Å |
0.16290 |
0.92402 |
|
0.96689 |
|
1.10553 |
3.90628 |
4.26213 |
4.86027 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
96.2% |
0% |
33.5% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| Ir188 |
0% |
188 |
2 |
1.72d |
EC,β+ |
| Ir189 |
0% |
189 |
3/2 |
13.2d |
EC |
| Ir190 |
0% |
190 |
4 |
11.8d |
EC |
| Ir190m |
0% |
190 |
7 |
1.20h |
IT |
| Ir190m2 |
0% |
190 |
11 |
3.20h |
EC,β+,IT |
| Ir191 |
37.3% |
190.961 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
| Ir191m |
0% |
191 |
11/2 |
4.93s |
IT |
| Ir192 |
0% |
192 |
4 |
73.83d |
β-,EC |
| Ir193 |
62.7% |
192.963 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
| Ir193m |
0% |
193 |
11/2 |
10.53d |
IT |
| Ir194 |
0% |
194 |
1 |
19.3h |
β- |
| Ir194m |
0% |
194 |
11 |
170d |
β- |
|
