| Ordnungszahl: |
76 |
| Name: |
Osmium |
| Namensursprung: |
Greek: osmê (odor). |
| Entdeckung: |
1804 by Smithson Tenant in England |
| Beschreibung: |
Hard fine black powder or hard, lustrous, blue-white metal. |
| Vorkommen: |
Obtained from the same ores as platinum. |
| Verwendung: |
Used to tip gold pen points, instrument pivots, to make electric light filaments. Used for high temp. alloys and pressure bearings. Very hard and resists corrosion better than any other. |
| Gruppe: |
Transition Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
190.23 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
3054°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
5027°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
22.40 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
| Schalen: |
2,8,18,32,14,2 |
| Orbitale: |
[Xe] 4f14 5d6 6s2 |
| Valenzen: |
0,3,4,6,8 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
8.7 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
-- |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
-- |
| Atomradius: |
1.92 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.13 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
746.0 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
31.80 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
5.1 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
0 |
0 |
8912.06 |
10355.7 |
1913.95 |
1978.39 |
|
|
|
| Å |
0 |
0 |
1.39121 |
1.19727 |
6.47799 |
6.26698 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
73866 |
12967 |
12384 |
10870 |
3049 |
2792 |
2458 |
2031 |
1960 |
| Å |
0.16785 |
0.95616 |
|
1.00117 |
1.14062 |
4.06643 |
4.44074 |
5.04416 |
6.10465 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
96% |
0% |
32.5% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| Os184 |
0.018% |
183.953 |
0 |
|
Stable |
| Os185 |
0% |
185 |
1/2 |
93.6d |
EC |
| Os186 |
1.59% |
185.954 |
0 |
2.0E15y |
α |
| Os187 |
1.64% |
186.956 |
1/2 |
|
Stable |
| Os188 |
13.3% |
187.956 |
0 |
|
Stable |
| Os189 |
16.1% |
188.958 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
| Os190 |
26.4% |
189.958 |
0 |
|
Stable |
| Os190m |
0% |
190 |
10 |
9.90m |
IT |
| Os191 |
0% |
191 |
9/2 |
15.4d |
β- |
| Os191m |
0% |
191 |
3/2 |
13.1h |
IT |
| Os192 |
41% |
191.962 |
0 |
|
Stable |
| Os193 |
0% |
193 |
3/2 |
30.5h |
β-,β- |
| Os194 |
0% |
194 |
0 |
6.0y |
β- |
|
