| Ordnungszahl: |
53 |
| Name: |
Iodine |
| Namensursprung: |
Greek: iôeides (violet colored). |
| Entdeckung: |
1811 by Bernard Courtois in France |
| Beschreibung: |
Shiny, black, non-metalic solid; as a gas it is violet and intensely irritating to the eyes, nose and throat. |
| Vorkommen: |
Occurs on land and in the sea in sodium and potassium compounds. |
| Verwendung: |
Required in small amounts by humans. Once used as an antiseptic, but no longer due to its poisonous nature. |
| Gruppe: |
Halogen |
| Atomgewicht: |
126.90447 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
113.5°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
184.35°C at 35 atmos. |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
4.93 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
| Schalen: |
2,8,18,18,7 |
| Orbitale: |
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5 |
| Valenzen: |
1,3,5,7 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
10.4513 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
19.131 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
33.0 V |
| Atomradius: |
1.32 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.214 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
20.752 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
7.824 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
87 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
28514.2 |
0 |
3937.79 |
4220.87 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
0.43482 |
0 |
3.1486 |
2.93744 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
33169 |
5189 |
4853 |
4558 |
1073 |
0 |
0 |
631 |
0 |
| Å |
0.37379 |
2.38939 |
2.55482 |
2.72017 |
11.555 |
0 |
0 |
19.649 |
0 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
88.2% |
0% |
10.3% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| I122 |
0% |
122 |
1 |
3.62m |
β+,EC |
| I123 |
0% |
123 |
5/2 |
13.2h |
EC |
| I124 |
0% |
124 |
2 |
4.18d |
EC,β+ |
| I125 |
0% |
125 |
5/2 |
60.1d |
EC |
| I126 |
0% |
126 |
2 |
13.0d |
EC,β-,β+ |
| I127 |
100% |
126.905 |
5/2 |
|
Stable |
| I128 |
0% |
128 |
1 |
25.00m |
β-,EC,β+ |
| I129 |
0% |
129 |
7/2 |
1.57E07y |
β- |
| I130 |
0% |
130 |
5 |
12.36h |
β- |
| I131 |
0% |
131 |
7/2 |
8.04d |
β-,β- |
| I132 |
0% |
132 |
4 |
2.28h |
β- |
| I133 |
0% |
133 |
7/2 |
20.8h |
β-,β- |
| I134 |
0% |
134 |
4 |
52.6m |
β- |
| I135 |
0% |
135 |
7/2 |
6.57h |
β-,β- |
| I136 |
0% |
136 |
2 |
1.39m |
β- |
|
