| Ordnungszahl: |
51 |
| Name: |
Antimony |
| Namensursprung: |
Greek: anti and monos (not alone); symbol from mineral stibnite. |
| Entdeckung: |
Known to the ancients. |
| Beschreibung: |
Hard, brittle, silvery-white semimetal. |
| Vorkommen: |
Found in stibnite (Sb2S3) and in valentinite (Sb2O3). |
| Verwendung: |
It is alloyed with other metals to increase their hardness. Also in the manufacture of a few special types of semiconductor devices. Also in plastics and chemicals. A few kinds of over-the-counter cold and flu remedies use antimony compounds. |
| Gruppe: |
Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
121.757 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
630.74°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
1587°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
6.684 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
| Schalen: |
2,8,18,18,5 |
| Orbitale: |
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p3 |
| Valenzen: |
0,-3,3,5 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
8.64 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
16.53 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
25.30 V |
| Atomradius: |
1.53 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.21 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
77.140 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
19.870 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
11.0 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
26277 |
29727 |
3604.84 |
3843.71 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
0.47184 |
0.41708 |
3.43941 |
3.22567 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
30491 |
4699 |
4381 |
4133 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
528 |
| Å |
0.40662 |
2.63855 |
2.83007 |
2.99989 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
23.4821 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
86.7% |
0% |
8.8% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| Sb117 |
0% |
117 |
5/2 |
2.80h |
EC,β+ |
| Sb119 |
0% |
119 |
5/2 |
38.1h |
EC |
| Sb120 |
0% |
120 |
1 |
15.89m |
EC,β+ |
| Sb121 |
57.25% |
120.904 |
5/2 |
|
Stable |
| Sb122 |
0% |
122 |
2 |
2.70d |
β-,β+,EC |
| Sb123 |
42.75% |
122.904 |
7/2 |
|
Stable |
| Sb124 |
0% |
124 |
3 |
60.20d |
β- |
| Sb125 |
0% |
125 |
7/2 |
2.758y |
β-,β- |
| Sb126 |
0% |
126 |
8 |
12.4d |
β- |
| Sb126m |
0% |
126 |
5 |
19.0m |
β-,IT |
| Sb127 |
0% |
127 |
7/2 |
3.84d |
β-,β- |
| Sb129 |
0% |
129 |
7/2 |
4.40h |
β-,β- |
|
