| Ordnungszahl: |
35 |
| Name: |
Bromine |
| Namensursprung: |
Greek: brômos (stench). |
| Entdeckung: |
1826 by Antoine J. Balard in France |
| Beschreibung: |
Redish-brown liquid. |
| Vorkommen: |
Occurs in compounds in sea water. |
| Verwendung: |
It was once used in large quantities to make a compound that removed lead compound build up in engines burning leaded gasoline. Now it is primarily used in dyes, disinfectants, and photographic chemicals. |
| Gruppe: |
Halogen |
| Atomgewicht: |
79.904 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
-7.2°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
58.78°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
3.119 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Liquid |
| Schalen: |
2,8,18,7 |
| Orbitale: |
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p5 |
| Valenzen: |
1,3,5,7 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
11.8138 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
21.8 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
36.0 V |
| Atomradius: |
1.12 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.473 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
15.438 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
5.286 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
-- |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
11909.1 |
13291.9 |
1480.49 |
1525.95 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
1.0411 |
0.93278 |
8.37462 |
8.12513 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
13474 |
1782 |
1596 |
1550 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
71 |
| Å |
0.92018 |
6.95765 |
7.76851 |
7.99906 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
174.627 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
62.2% |
0% |
1.6% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| Br76 |
0% |
76 |
1 |
16.0h |
β+,EC |
| Br77 |
0% |
76.921 |
3/2 |
2.376d |
EC,β+ |
| Br79 |
50.54% |
78.9183 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
| Br80 |
0% |
80 |
1 |
17.66m |
β-,EC,β+ |
| Br80m |
0% |
80 |
9/2 |
4.42h |
IT |
| Br81 |
49.46% |
80.9163 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
| Br82 |
0% |
81.917 |
5 |
1.471d |
β- |
| Br83 |
0% |
83 |
3/2 |
2.40h |
β-,β- |
| Br84 |
0% |
84 |
2 |
31.8m |
β- |
| Br85 |
0% |
85 |
3/2 |
2.87m |
β-,β- |
|
