| Ordnungszahl: |
31 |
| Name: |
Gallium |
| Namensursprung: |
Latin: Gallia (France). |
| Entdeckung: |
1875 by Paul Émile Lecoq de Boisbaudran in France |
| Beschreibung: |
Soft, blue-white metal. |
| Vorkommen: |
Found throughout the crust in minerals like bauxite, germanite and coal. |
| Verwendung: |
Used in semiconductor production. It us used in making LEDs (light-emitting diodes) and GaAs laser diodes. |
| Gruppe: |
Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
69.723 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
29.78°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
2204°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
5.907 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
| Schalen: |
2,8,18,3 |
| Orbitale: |
[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1 |
| Valenzen: |
2,3 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
5.9993 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
20.51 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
30.71 V |
| Atomradius: |
1.81 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.37 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
258.70 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
5.590 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
19.7 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
9243.12 |
10264.6 |
1097.99 |
1124.79 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
1.34138 |
1.20789 |
11.292 |
11.023 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
10367 |
1298 |
1143 |
1116 |
0 |
103.6 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Å |
1.19596 |
9.55203 |
10.8474 |
11.1098 |
0 |
119.677 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
51% |
0% |
0.9% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| Ga66 |
0% |
66 |
0 |
9.5h |
β+,EC |
| Ga67 |
0% |
67 |
3/2 |
3.260d |
EC |
| Ga68 |
0% |
67.928 |
1 |
1.130h |
β+,EC |
| Ga69 |
60.4% |
68.9256 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
| Ga71 |
39.6% |
70.9247 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
| Ga72 |
0% |
72 |
3 |
14.10h |
β- |
|
