| Ordnungszahl: |
23 |
| Name: |
Vanadium |
| Namensursprung: |
From Scandinavian goddess, Vanadis. |
| Entdeckung: |
1830 by Nils Sefström in Sweden |
| Beschreibung: |
Soft, ductile, silvery-white metal. Resistant to corrosion by moisture, air and most acids and alkalis at room temperature. |
| Vorkommen: |
Found in the minerals patronite (VS4), vanadinite [Pb5(VO4)3Cl], and carnotite [K2(UO2)2(VO4)2·3H2O]. Pure metal produced by heat |
| Verwendung: |
It is mixed with other metals to make very strong and durable alloys. Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) is used as a catalyst, dye and color-fixer. |
| Gruppe: |
Transition Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
50.9415 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
1890°C +/-10°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
3407°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
5.8 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
| Schalen: |
2,8,11,2 |
| Orbitale: |
[Ar] 3d3 4s2 |
| Valenzen: |
2,3,4,5 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
6.7463 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
14.65 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
29.31 V |
| Atomradius: |
1.92 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.49 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
0.452 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
20.90 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
8.4 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
4949.85 |
5427.48 |
511.28 |
519.202 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
2.50483 |
2.2844 |
24.25 |
23.88 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
5466 |
0 |
0 |
511.3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Å |
2.2683 |
0 |
0 |
24.2491 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
24.9% |
0% |
0.2% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| V48 |
0% |
47.952 |
4 |
15.98d |
β+,EC |
| V49 |
0% |
48.948 |
7/2 |
337d |
EC |
| V50 |
0.25% |
49.9472 |
6 |
1.4E17y |
EC,β- |
| V51 |
99.75% |
50.944 |
7/2 |
|
Stable |
| V52 |
0% |
52 |
3 |
3.76m |
β- |
|
