| Ordnungszahl: |
22 |
| Name: |
Titanium |
| Namensursprung: |
Greek: titanos (Titans). |
| Entdeckung: |
1791 by William Gregor in England |
| Beschreibung: |
Shiny, dark-gray metal. Ninth most abundant element in the earth's crust (5700 ppm). It can be highly polished, and is relatively immune to tarnishing. |
| Vorkommen: |
Usually occurs in the minerals ilmenite (FeTiO3) or rutile (TiO2). Also in Titaniferous magnetite, titanite (CaTiSiO5), and iron ores. Pure metal produced by heating TiO2 with C and Cl2 to to produce TiCl4 then heated with Mg gas in Ar atmosphere. |
| Verwendung: |
Since it is strong and resists acids it is used in many alloys. Titanium dioxide (TiO2), a white pigment that covers surfaces very well, is used in paint, rubber, paper and many others. |
| Gruppe: |
Transition Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
47.88 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
1668°C +/-10°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
3287°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
4.50 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
| Schalen: |
2,8,10,2 |
| Orbitale: |
[Ar] 3d2 4s2 |
| Valenzen: |
2,3,4 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
6.8282 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
13.58 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
27.491 V |
| Atomradius: |
2.00 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.52 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
421.00 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
15.450 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
8.6 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
4509 |
4931.98 |
452.171 |
458.357 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
2.74973 |
2.51391 |
27.42 |
27.05 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
4967 |
0 |
454.4 |
454.3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Å |
2.49618 |
0 |
27.2855 |
27.2915 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
21.9% |
0% |
0.1% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| Ti44 |
0% |
44 |
0 |
52y |
EC |
| Ti45 |
0% |
45 |
7/2 |
3.078h |
β+,EC |
| Ti46 |
7.93% |
45.9526 |
0 |
|
Stable |
| Ti47 |
7.28% |
46.9518 |
5/2 |
|
Stable |
| Ti48 |
73.94% |
47.9479 |
0 |
|
Stable |
| Ti49 |
5.51% |
48.9479 |
7/2 |
|
Stable |
| Ti50 |
5.34% |
49.9448 |
0 |
|
Stable |
| Ti51 |
0% |
51 |
3/2 |
5.76m |
β- |
|
