| Ordnungszahl: |
17 |
| Name: |
Chlorine |
| Namensursprung: |
Greek: chlôros (greenish yellow). |
| Entdeckung: |
1774 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in Sweden |
| Beschreibung: |
Greenish-yellow, disagreeable gas. Never found in free form in nature. |
| Vorkommen: |
Salt (sodium chloride, NaCl) is its most common compound. Commercial quantities are produced by electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride (seawater or brine from salt mines). |
| Verwendung: |
Used in water purification, bleaches, acids and many, many other compounds such as chlorofluorocarbons (ClFC). |
| Gruppe: |
Halogen |
| Atomgewicht: |
35.4527 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
-100.98°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
-34.6°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
0.003214 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Gas |
| Schalen: |
2,8,7 |
| Orbitale: |
[Ne] 3s2 3p5 |
| Valenzen: |
1,3,5,7 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
12.9676 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
23.81 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
39.611 V |
| Atomradius: |
0.97 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.48 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
10.20 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
3.203 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
-- |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
2621.94 |
2815.67 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
4.72877 |
4.40341 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
1823 |
0 |
0 |
202 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Å |
6.80117 |
0 |
0 |
61.3789 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
9.4% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| Cl35 |
75.53% |
34.9689 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
| Cl36 |
0% |
35.9797 |
2 |
3.01E05y |
β-,EC,β+ |
| Cl37 |
24.47% |
36.9659 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
| Cl38 |
0% |
38 |
2 |
37.2m |
β- |
|
