| Ordnungszahl: |
13 |
| Name: |
Aluminum |
| Namensursprung: |
Latin: alumen, aluminis, (alum). |
| Entdeckung: |
1825 by Hans Christian Oersted in Denmark |
| Beschreibung: |
Soft, lightweight, silvery-white metal. Third most abundant element in the earth's crust. |
| Vorkommen: |
Never occurs in free form. Obtained by electrolysis from bauxite (Al2O3). |
| Verwendung: |
Used for many purposes from airplanes to beverage cans. Too soft in its pure form so less than 1% of silicon or iron is added, which hardens and strengthens it. |
| Gruppe: |
Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
26.981539 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
660.37°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
2519°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
2.702 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
| Schalen: |
2,8,3 |
| Orbitale: |
[Ne] 3s2 3p1 |
| Valenzen: |
3 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
5.9858 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
18.828 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
28.447 V |
| Atomradius: |
1.82 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.90 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
293.40 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
10.790 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
23.1 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
1486.61 |
1553.33 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
8.34014 |
7.98191 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
1560 |
87.01 |
72.78 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Å |
7.94778 |
142.496 |
170.356 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
3.6% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| Al26 |
0% |
25.9868 |
5 |
7.3E05y |
β+,EC |
| Al27 |
100% |
26.9815 |
5/2 |
|
Stable |
| Al28 |
0% |
28 |
3 |
2.25m |
β- |
|
