| Ordnungszahl: |
12 |
| Name: |
Magnesium |
| Namensursprung: |
From Magnesia ancient city in district of Thessaly, Greece. |
| Entdeckung: |
1808 by Sir Humphrey Davy in England |
| Beschreibung: |
Lightweight, malleable, silvery-white metal. Eighth most abundant element in the universe. Seventh most abundant element in the earth's crust. |
| Vorkommen: |
Usually obtained by electrolysis of melted magnesium chloride (MgCl2) found in sea water. Each cubic mile of seawater contains about 12 billion pounds of magnesium. |
| Verwendung: |
Used in alloys to make airplanes, missiles and other uses for light metals. Has structural properties similar to aluminium. But since it is flammable at temperatures of burning gasoline, its uses are limited. |
| Gruppe: |
Alkali Earth Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
24.3050 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
648.8°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
1090°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
1.738 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
| Schalen: |
2,8,2 |
| Orbitale: |
[Ne] 3s2 |
| Valenzen: |
2 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
7.6462 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
15.035 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
80.143 V |
| Atomradius: |
1.72 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
1.02 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
127.40 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
8.954 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
24.8 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
1253.64 |
1295.59 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
9.89003 |
9.5698 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
1305 |
62.84 |
49.73 |
49.45 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Å |
9.5008 |
197.303 |
249.317 |
250.729 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
2.7% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| Mg24 |
78.7% |
23.985 |
0 |
|
Stable |
| Mg25 |
10.13% |
24.9858 |
5/2 |
|
Stable |
| Mg26 |
11.17% |
25.9826 |
0 |
|
Stable |
| Mg27 |
0% |
27 |
1/2 |
9.45m |
β- |
| Mg28 |
0% |
28 |
0 |
21.0h |
β- |
|
