| Ordnungszahl: |
8 |
| Name: |
Oxygen |
| Namensursprung: |
Greek: oxys and genes, (acid former). |
| Entdeckung: |
1774 by Joseph Priestly, Carl Wilhelm Scheele in England/Sweden |
| Beschreibung: |
Colorless, odorless, tasteless gas; pale blue liquid. Third most abundant element in the universe. It is the most abundant element in the earth's crust, and makes up almost 21% of the atmosphere. |
| Vorkommen: |
Obtained primarily from liquid air by fractional distillation. Small amounts are made in the laboratory by electrolysis of water or heating potassium chlorate (KClO3) with manganese dioxide (MnO2) catalyst. |
| Verwendung: |
Used in steel making, welding, and supporting life. Naturally occuring ozone (O3) in the upper atmosphere shields the earth from ultraviolet radiation. |
| Gruppe: |
Non-Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
15.9994 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
-218.4°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
-182.962°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
0.001429 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Gas |
| Schalen: |
2,6 |
| Orbitale: |
[He] 2s2 2p4 |
| Valenzen: |
2 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
13.6181 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
35.117 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
54.934 V |
| Atomradius: |
0.65 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
0.92 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
3.4099 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
0.22259 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
780 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
524.917 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
23.62 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
531.7 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Å |
23.3187 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
0.6% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| O15 |
0% |
15 |
1/2 |
122.2s |
β+,EC |
| O16 |
99.759% |
15.9949 |
0 |
|
Stable |
| O17 |
0.037% |
16.9991 |
5/2 |
|
Stable |
| O18 |
0.204% |
17.9992 |
0 |
|
Stable |
|
