| Ordnungszahl: |
7 |
| Name: |
Nitrogen |
| Namensursprung: |
Greek: nitron and genes, (soda forming). |
| Entdeckung: |
1772 by Daniel Rutherford in Scotland |
| Beschreibung: |
Colorless, odorless, tasteless, generally inert gas. Fifth most abundant element in the universe. Makes up about 78% of earth's atmosphere. |
| Vorkommen: |
Obtained from liquid air by fractional distillation. |
| Verwendung: |
Primarily to produce ammonia and other fertilizers. Also used in making nitric acid, which is used in explosives. Also used in welding and enhanced oil recovery. |
| Gruppe: |
Non-Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
14.00674 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
-209.86°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
-195.8°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
0.0012506 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Gas |
| Schalen: |
2,5 |
| Orbitale: |
[He] 2s2 2p3 |
| Valenzen: |
3,5 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
14.5341 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
29.601 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
47.448 V |
| Atomradius: |
0.75 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
1.04 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
2.7928 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
0.3604 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
240 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
392.359 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
31.6 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
400 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Å |
30.9964 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
0.4% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| N13 |
0% |
13 |
1/2 |
9.97m |
β+ |
| N14 |
99.635% |
14.0031 |
1 |
|
Stable |
| N15 |
0.365% |
15.0001 |
1/2 |
|
Stable |
| N16 |
0% |
16 |
2 |
7.13s |
β- |
|
