| Ordnungszahl: |
3 |
| Name: |
Lithium |
| Namensursprung: |
Greek: lithos (stone). |
| Entdeckung: |
1817 by Johann Arfwedson in Sweden |
| Beschreibung: |
Soft silvery-white metal. Lightest of metals. Accounts for only 0.0007% of the earth's crust. |
| Vorkommen: |
Obtained by passing electric charge through melted lithium chloride and from the silicate mineral called spodumene [LiAl(Si2O6)]. |
| Verwendung: |
Used in batteries. Also for certain kinds of glass and ceramics. Some is used in lubricants. |
| Gruppe: |
Alkali Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
6.941 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
180.54°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
1342°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
0.53 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Solid |
| Schalen: |
2,1 |
| Orbitale: |
[He] 2s1 |
| Valenzen: |
1 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
5.3917 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
76.638 V |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
122.451 V |
| Atomradius: |
2.05 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
3.6 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
145.920 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
3.00 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
46 10-6 K-1 |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
53.907 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
229.999 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
54.75 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Å |
226.457 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| Li6 |
7.42% |
6.0151 |
1 |
|
Stable |
| Li7 |
92.58% |
7.016 |
3/2 |
|
Stable |
|
