| Ordnungszahl: |
1 |
| Name: |
Hydrogen |
| Namensursprung: |
Greek: hydro (water) and genes (generate) |
| Entdeckung: |
1766 by Henry Cavendish in England |
| Beschreibung: |
Tasteless, colorless, odorless gas. The most abundant element in the universe. Tenth most abundant element in the earth's crust. |
| Vorkommen: |
Commercial quantities are produced by reacting superheated steam with methane or carbon. In lab work from reaction of metals with acid solutions or electrolysis. |
| Verwendung: |
Most hydrogen is used in the production of ammonia. Also used in balloons and in metal refining. Also used as fuel in rockets. Its two heavier isotopes are: deuterium (D) and tritium (T) used respectively for nuclear fission and fusion. |
| Gruppe: |
Non-Metal |
| Atomgewicht: |
1.00794 |
| Schmelzpunkt: |
-255.34°C |
| Siedepunkt: |
-252.87°C |
| Dichte bei 293 K: |
0.00008988 g/cm³ |
| Aggregatszustand bei Raumtemperatur: |
Gas |
| Schalen: |
1 |
| Orbitale: |
1s1 |
| Valenzen: |
1 |
| 1. Ionisierungs- potential: |
13.5984 V |
| 2. Ionisierungs- potential: |
-- |
| 3. Ionisierungs- potential: |
-- |
| Atomradius: |
0.79 Å |
| Spezifische Wärme: |
14.304 J/gK |
| Verdampfungswärme: |
0.44936 kJ/mol |
| Schmelzwärme: |
0.05868 kJ/mol |
| Thermischer Ausdehnungskoeffizient: |
-- |
| Röntgenemission Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| eV |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
| Å |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Röntgenabsorption Energie / Wellenlänge: |
| |
K |
L-I |
L-II |
L-III |
M-I |
M-II |
M-III |
M-IV |
M-V |
| eV |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
| Å |
3099.64 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
| Röntgen Fluoreszenz Ausbeute: |
| |
KA |
KB |
LA |
LB |
MA |
MB |
|
|
|
| |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
0% |
|
|
|
|
| Nuklide: |
| |
Anteil |
Gewicht |
Spin |
Halbwertszeit |
Zerfallsmodus |
| H1 |
99.984% |
1.0078 |
1/2 |
|
Stable |
| H2 |
0.0156% |
2.0141 |
1 |
|
Stable |
| H3 |
0% |
3.016 |
1/2 |
12.3y |
β- |
|
