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Red China
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In 1911 a revolution under the leadership of Sun Yat-sen ousted the Quing
and a republic was set up. The 1920s saw the rise of the Guomindang ( Nationalist
People´s party ) under Gen Chiang Kaishek and the foundation of the
Chinese Communist Party in 1921. In 1926 relations between them broke down
and a struggle began that, in effect, continued until after World War II.
In the 1930s threats from Japan culminated in open attack and the occupation
of parts of the country, which lasted until the end of World War II. This
put a temporary halt to internal party struggles, but in 1949 the Guomindang
was defeated by the communists and a People's Republic was set up by Mao
Tse-tung. This was the moment, where China became communist and was from
now on called Red China. Chiang Kai-shek retreated to Taiwan, where he
set up the Republic of China. During the early years of the communist regime
relations with the Soviet Union were close but they later deteriorated,
particularly after 1960 when Soviet aid was withdrawn.
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